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G. E. LONGARD. I

RADIATOR.

No. 480,597. Patented Aug. 9, 1892.V

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G. E. LONGARD. RADIATUR.

No. 480,597. Patented Aug. 9, 1892.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

' GEORGE E. LoNGARuOE HALIFAX, CANADA.

RADIATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 480,597', dated August9, 1892.

Application filed May 27. 1891. Serial No. 394,241. (No model.)

To all whom it mag/concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE EDMUND LON- GARD, of Halifax, Province ofNova Scotia, and Dominion of Canada, have invented a new and ImprovedRadiator, of which the fol` lowing is a full, clear, and exactdescription..

The object of the invention is to provide a new and improved radiatorwhich is simple and durable in construction, very ornamental inappearance, and adapted for both steam and hot-water heating.

The invention consists of headers forming top and bottom girders for thepipes.

The invention further consists of independent removable screens for thepipes.

The invention also consists of certain parts and details andcombinations of the same, as will be described hereinafter, and thenpointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specication, in which similar letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure l is a side elevation of the improvement with parts removed andpart-s in section. Fig. 2 is an end view of the same with parts insection on the line x :r of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a transverse-section ofpart of the improve- Fig. 4 is a transverse section of the improvementon the line z z of Fig. 5, and Fig. 5 isasectional plan view of theimprovement on the line w w of Fig. 4..

The improved radiator is constructed principally of a number of legs A,supporting the bottom girder B, connected by the pipes or tubes C withthe top header D. Each of the legs A extends transversely under theheader B and has its bottom A connected by a bolt E with a flangeprojecting from the under side of the said header B. Each of the legs Ais also provided with upward extensions A2, fitting upon parts of thesides of the header B, the upper ends of the said extensions A2 beingchamt'ered, as is plainly illustrated in Fig. 2, to receivecorrespondingly-inclined bottoms of the pipes or tubes C.

The sides of the header B are formed with recesses or sockets B',adapted to receive the lower ends of the pipes or tubes C, and similarsockets D are formed in the header D t0 receive the upper ends of thesaid tubes or pipes.

are connected` with the water or steam space C of the tubes or pipes Cby means of short pipes or nipples F, fitted in recesses B2 C2 and D2C2, respectively, the ends of the pipes abutting against annularinwardly extending flanges B3 C3 and D3 C3, respectively, as is plainlyshown in Figs. 2 and 3. The pipes C are rigidly fastened to the headersB and D by means of bolts G, passing through offsets C4 B4 D4 in thesaid header B, the pipes C, and header D, so that the several parts aresecurely fastened together and steam and water cannot pass to the b0lts,as the said bolts do not pass through the steam or water space. Thenipples F are somewhat less in diameter than the interior diameter ofthe recesses and are slightly longer than the said recesses, so that theends of the nipples butt against the respective flanges, and the adjacent faces of the tubes C and headers B and D are slightly apart. Nowin fastening the several parts the tubes C are pressed laterally toward'the headers by a suitable clamp, hydraulic jack, or other means, s0 thatthe nipples are subjected to a pressure lengthwise, whereby the nipplesare caused to bulger out at and near the middle and in lesser degreetoward the ends, at the same time slightly thickening the walls, owingto the compression. This bulging Or expanding of the nipples brings theouter surfaces of the nipples in close and firm contact with the innersurface of the walls of the recesses, so that a perfeet air, steam, andwater tight joint is made between the headers and tubes. The bolts G arethen applied and screwed up to hold the several parts in place.

The ends of the headers B and D are connected inthe usual manner withthe inlet and outlet pipes for conducting the water or steam to the saidheaders for circulation in the pipes and tubes C and to draw the steamand water oft in the usual manner. Each of the tubes or pipes C isformed with a recess C5, adapted to be covered on the outside by ametallic screen H, fitted into the front of the pipe, as is plainlyshown in the drawings. Each of the screens H is formed on the back witha button l, adapted to be moved under the lugs C, cast or otherwisefastened on the pipes or tubes C in the recesses C5. The stem J of theThe interiors of the headers B andD IOO button I extends to the front ofthe screen and can be readily turned by a suitable tool, so as to movethe button I under the lugs C to lock the screen in place, or todisengage the button from under the lugs if it is desired to remove thescreen for cleaning the space C5.

By fitting the tubes or pipes C into the sockets in the headers B and Dthe latter act as girders for the said pipes, and consequently theentire radiator is thus made very strong and durable. The screens H mayalso be secured on the ends of the radiator between the two adjacent oroppositely-arranged pipes C, as is plainly indicated in Fig. 2.

At the ends of the header D are formed vertical guideways D5, adapted tobe engaged by fianges K', formed on brackets K, extending above the topsurface of the header D and adapted to receive a marble plate or likedevice for forming a shelf. The ends of each bracket K are formed withpins or lugs K2, adapted to engage corresponding recesses in the underside of the shelf, so as to hold the latter in place.

Itis understood that the screen does not come in direct contact with thehot water or steam heating surface, so that the painting or bronzing ofthe screen is not liable to be turned or discolored, thus lasting for along period.

The nipples F are preferably made of brass or copper, so that when theseveral parts are bolted together, after the nipples have yielded topressure, as above described, and are expanded against the walls of therecesses then the nipples form a packing to prevent any and all leakage.The front walls of the pipes or tubes C are preferably U -shaped or V-shaped, as is plainly shown in Fig. 5, so as to form the recess C5,whereby a great amount of radiating-surface is obtained. Sufficientspace is left between the several tubes for the free circulation of air.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a radiator, the combination, with the upper and lower headershaving recesses in their outer sides, of pipes the ends of' which entersaid recesses, lateral communicating openings being formed in the endsof the pipes and sides of the headers within the said recesses,transverse annular registering offsets in the pipes and headers, andbolts passing through said offsets without entering the water or steamspace, substantially as set forth.

2. yThe combination, with the header having a lateral socket flanged atits inner end and a pipe having a similar registering socket and flange,of the copper or like nipple compressed longitudinally and expandedlaterally in the said two sockets between their fianges to form a tightjoint, substantially as set forth.

3. A radiator comprising upper and lower headers formed in their sideswith lateral sockets, fianges at their inner ends, and with transverseannular odsets, the pipes formed with similar lateral sockets andannular offsets registering with those of the headers, nipplescompressed in said sockets between their flanges, and the bolts passedthrough said offsets and securing the parts together, substantially asset forth.

4. In a radiator, the combination, with pipes, of a top and a bottomheader connected and in communication with the said pipes and forminggirders for the same, bolts passing through the said headers and pipesto fasten the several parts together, and nipples fitted in recesses inthe said pipes and headers to establish communication between the same,the ends of the said nipples abutting against annular flanges in thesaid headers and pipes, substantially as shown and described.

5. A radiator provided with parallel disconnected spaced pipes havingexternal longitudinal depressions and a screen secured to each pipe overits recess, the spaces between the pipes being open from one side of theradiator to the other to permit of free circulation of air,substantially as set forth.

6. The combination, with a radiator-pipe having a longitudinal recessordepression and two inward-projecting lugs, of a screen covering saidrecess and provided on its inner side with a button, the ends ot whichare adapted to be passed behind said lugs from the outside,substantially as set forth.

7. In a radiator, the combinatiomwith headers formed on their sides withsockets, of pipes engaging with their ends the sockets of the saidheaders, nipples held in sockets in the said pipes and headers andabutting" against fianges thereon, and bolts for fastening the saidpipes to the said headers, substantially as shown and described.

8. In a radiator, the combination, with headers formed on their sideswith sockets, of pipes engaging with their ends the sockets of the saidheaders, nipples held in sockets in the said pipes and headers andabutting against flanges thereon, bolts for fastening the said pipes tothe said headers, and legs bolted to the bottom header and having sideextensions engaging the sides of the said bottom header, substantiallyas shown and described.

9. In a radiator, `the combination, with a top header formed at or nearits ends with vertical guideways, of brackets engaging the saidguideways and adapted to support a shelf, substantially as shown anddescribed.

GEORGE E. LONGARD.

Witnesses:

JOHN PETERS, W. W. WILSON.

IIO

